And it was greatest at 1-day lag, with an 8 % (95 % CI = 2.9–13.4 %) increase of BD cases per 5 ☌ increment of DTR. The DTR effect on childhood bacillary dysentery increased when DTR was over 8 ☌. The results showed that there existed a statistically significant relationship between DTR and childhood BD. A Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used in the analysis after controlling the effects of season, long-term trends, mean temperature, and relative humidity. Daily data on ambient temperature and relative humidity covering the same period were collected from the Hefei Bureau of Meteorology. Daily data on BD counts among children aged 0–14 years from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2012 were retrieved from Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The current study aimed to identify the relationship between diurnal temperature range (DTR) and BD in Hefei, China. However, little is known about whether the within-day variation of temperature has any impact on bacillary dysentery. Previous studies have found that mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures were associated with bacillary dysentery (BD).
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